Association of Low BMI with Aortic Stiffness in Young Healthy Individuals
(E-pub Ahead of Print)Author(s):
Satish G. Patil*
,
Sneha Arakeri,
Vitthal Khode
Journal Name: Current Hypertension Reviews
Abstract:
Background: Increased arterial stiffness is an independent predictor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. It is not known whether low-BMI has any detrimental effect on arterial wall early during young age.
Objectives: The present study was aimed to determine if low-BMI can increase arterial stiffness in young healthy individuals.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on young healthy subjects (n=100) with low-BMI <18.5 (n=50) and normal-BMI: 18.5-24.9 (n=50) with age ranging between 15-23 years. BMI, heart rate, blood pressure and arterial stiffness indices such as regional pulse wave velocity (PWV) between brachial-ankle (baPWV), carotid-femoral (cfPWV), heart-ankle (haPWV), heart-brachial (hbPWV) were measured.
Results: A significantly increased pulse pressure (p=0.014), baPWV (1059.2 ± 140.26 cm/s Vs 994.66 ± 129.23 cm/s; p=0.019) and cfPWV (641.03 ± 113.83 cm/s Vs 583.96 ± 120.48 cm/s; p=0.017) was found in individuals with low-BMI than normal-BMI group. There was a significant negative correlation between BMI and central arterial PWV. Further multiple regression analysis showed that BMI was robustly associated with cf-PWV (p=0.004) and baPWV (p=0.016) even after multiple adjustments with potential confounders using several models.
Conclusions: These findings show a significant increased aortic stiffness and pulse pressure in low-BMI subjects compared to those with normal BMI. Low-BMI was inversely and independently associated with central arterial or aortic stiffness. These findings suggest that low-BMI may be a risk factor for aortic stiffness in young healthy individuals.
Keywords: Arterial stiffness, blood pressure, BMI, young, healthy
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