Efficacy of BAINS circuit in treating critically ill hypoxemic COVID-19 patients during second wave of pandemic in India

Title:Efficacy of BAINS circuit in treating critically ill hypoxemic COVID-19 patients during second wave of pandemic in India

Volume: 17

Author(s): Vidya A. Patil, Saikrishna Prasad R, Shivanand L.K, Renuka Holyachi, Kusal K. Das*Vijaykumar T.K.

Affiliation:

• Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Unit and 1b Laboratory of Vascular Physiology and Medicine, Department of Physiology, Shri B.M.Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE (Deemed to be University), Vijayapur-586103, Karnataka, India

Keywords: COVID-19, comorbidities, respiratory failure, Bains circuit, lung, inflammation

Abstract: Background: The COVID-19 pandemic has encouraged doctors to look for novel ways of treating patients with respiratory failure, due to the limited availability of ventilators and high flow nasal cannula. The aim of the study is to assess the efficacy of using Bains circuit as an alternative to HFNC and NIV as a life saving tool, in patients with respiratory failure, during COVID-19 pandemic second wave in India.

Methods: This is a prospective interventional study carried out in the intensive care unit of Shri B.M Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapur, India, from May 2021 to June 2021. All patients (n=90) in respiratory failure, not responding to therapy by oxygen mask, were included in the study. Patients were started on Bain circuits, one end connected to a non-invasive ventilation mask fitting to the face of the patients and the other end connected to a central oxygen port. Patient vital parameters were assessed on an hourly basis. The blood gas analyses were done before and after using Bains.

Results: The study showed diabetes (33.4%), hypertension (22.2%), and diabetes with hypertension(11.1%) as comorbid factors among the ICU admitted patients. The results from the arterial blood gas analyses showed a statistically significant increase in SP02 (%) and a decrease in respiratory rate (cycles/min) in the patients after being kept on Bains (p<0.05). Further, it showed that 72 % of ICU patients with 70-79% Sp02 had recovery by using Bains. The overall outcome of ICU admitted COVID-19 patients on Bains showed that 38.9% patients improved and were shifted to 02/NRBM mask.

Conclusion: The study highlights a novel concept of using Bains circuit as an effective alternative to HFNC and NIV for oxygenation in critically ill COVID-19 patients during scarcity of NIV and HFNC at the peak of pandemic.

Cite this article as:

Patil Vidya A., R Prasad Saikrishna, L.K Shivanand, Holyachi Renuka, Das Kusal K.*, T.K. Vijaykumar, Efficacy of BAINS circuit in treating critically ill hypoxemic COVID-19 patients during second wave of pandemic in India, Reviews on Recent Clinical Trials 2022; 17() . https://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1574887117666220308093306