https://digitallibrary.bldedu.ac.in/xmlui/handle/123456789/122 2026-04-29T20:40:31Z https://digitallibrary.bldedu.ac.in/xmlui/handle/123456789/5756 Title: Clinical And Dermoscopic Assessment Of Various Lip Lesions - A Cross Sectional Study Authors: Thrupthi, A L Abstract: Background- Lips are highly susceptible to environmental effects so common oral mucosal lesions are seen over the lips. Few studies have been carried out till now to estimate the prevalence of lip lesions exclusively. Dermoscopy is a link between macroscopic clinical dermatology and microscopic dermatopathology and has the capability to avoid unnecessary excisional biopsy and extensive surgery. Aims and objectives-  To assess the prevalence of lip lesions in South India region.  To study the clinical and dermoscopic features of various lip lesions. Materials and methods- It is an hospital based cross-sectional study of patients presenting with various lip lesions. Patients were subjected to detailed clinical and dermoscopic examination and categorized into neoplastic and non-neoplastic groups. Non-neoplastic were further sub-categorized into inflammatory, infections, pigmentary lesions. Punch biopsy was done if necessary. Results- Among 37589 patients attending dermatology OPD during the study period , 150 patients had various lip lesions with prevalence of 0.40 . Age of the patients ranged from 4-79 years. Non-neoplastic lesions were commonly seen(122 patients), than neoplastic(28 patients). 25 cases required biopsy to reach final diagnosis. Of 150 patients with various lip lesions, most of them were lichen planus (30%), followed by contact cheilitis (13%), actinic cheilitis(9.33%), herpes labialis(8%). Radial Wickham striae was the most common pattern seen, followed by linear pattern. Conclusion- The prevalence of lip lesions was 0.40 Lichen planus was the prevalent lesion in the study(30%) with radial Wickham striae being the most common pattern. 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://digitallibrary.bldedu.ac.in/xmlui/handle/123456789/5755 Title: A Study Of Cutaneous Manifestations In Overweight And Obese Paediatric Population Authors: Kotian, Kotian Abstract: Introduction : Overweight and obesity are defined as excessive fat accumulation in the body. There has been a significant rise in recent years. The cutaneous manifestations of obesity emerge early in childhood and impose a risk of developing metabolic diseases in the future.  Aims and objectives : To assess the prevalence of different types of skin manifestations and its correlation with HOMA-IR in overweight and obese paediatric population.  Materials and Methods : This is a prospective study of seventy-eight pediatric individuals aged 5 to 18 years. Demographic details, clinical examination, photographs and BMI were documented. HOMA-IR was estimated using serum fasting Insulin and glucose levels and it was correlated with the cutaneous findings. Results : Among 78 children, there were 49 males and 29 females with a mean age of 13.55 ± 2.87 years. The most common cutaneous finding was acanthosis nigricans (87.2%). The second most common finding was cutaneous infections, affecting 78.3% of the cases. Within these infections, 37.2% had dermatophyte infections, 7% had bacterial infections, 3.8% had viral infections, and 2.6% had parasitic infestations. Other observed cutaneous findings included striae (73.1%), acrochordons (39.7%), acne (32.1%), xerosis (21.8%), keratosis pilaris (17.9%), gynaecomastia (6.4%), and hirsutism (1.3%). These cutaneous manifestations were more prevalent in individuals aged 10-15 years with a BMI >95th percentile and HOMA-IR >2.6 suggesting a correlation between cutaneous findings and obesity.  Conclusion : Overweight and Obesity is a major health problem and continues to rise in both adult and pediatric population. It is implicated in a wide range of Cutaneous lesions. Early identification along with lifestyle modifications can help to avoid future risk and complications of metabolic diseases. 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://digitallibrary.bldedu.ac.in/xmlui/handle/123456789/5754 Title: Clinical, Dermoscopic And Histopathological Study Of Skin Tumors: A Cross-Sectional Study Authors: Namratha, Shivaraj Abstract: BACKGROUND: Skin tumors are commonly encountered, yet some are difficult to diagnose as they mimic other conditions. Dermoscopic evaluation is a non invasive diagnostic technique, although histopathology is the gold standard. Thus, diagnosis can be done by correlating clinical features, dermoscopy and histological features, which helps in early detection and treatment. This study documents the prevalence of skin tumors in Southern India, with its dermoscopic and histopathological features. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To assess prevalence, dermoscopic features, histopathological characteristics of various skin tumors attending the OPD in the Northern part of Karnataka MATERIALS AND METHODS: A hospital based, cross-sectional study Patients presenting with clinically diagnosed cases of skin tumors were subjected to clinical and dermoscopic evaluation and histopathological confirmation. Tumors were classified into 5 categories- keratinocytic, melanocytic, appendageal, soft tissue and miscellaneous tumors. These were sub divided into benign, pre malignant and malignant tumors. The prevalence and dermoscopic features of these tumors was noted. RESULTS: Among 37589 patients attending dermatology OPD at Shri BM Patil medical college during this period, 116 patients had skin tumors; with a prevalence of 0.30 Out of 116 skin tumors observed, 65% were benign tumors (most prevalent- Melanocytic nevi in 13.79%; most common dermoscopic feature- brown globules), 14% were pre-malignant tumors (most prevalent- Actinic chelitis in 5.17%; most common dermoscopic feature- vascular polymorphism) 21% were malignant (most prevalent- basal cell carcinoma in 12.07%; most common dermoscopic feature- blue gray globules). Among the groups, 44.83% were keratinocytic tumors, 28.31% soft tissue tumors, 13.79% melanocytic tumors, 10.34% appendageal tumors, 3.45% miscellaneous tumors were seen. CONCLUSION: Benign tumors were most prevalent (most prevalent- pyogenic granuloma), followed by were malignant (most prevalent- basal cell carcinoma) and then the pre-malignant tumors (most prevalent- Actinic chelitis). There was a good agreement between clinic-dermoscopic diagnosis and histopathological confirmation. Hence it appears that the use of dermoscopy improves the clinical diagnostic protocol. 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z https://digitallibrary.bldedu.ac.in/xmlui/handle/123456789/5753 Title: Estimation Of Serum S100b Levels In Vitiligo To Determine Whether Increased Levels Are A Marker Of Disease Activity; A Prospective Case-Control Study Authors: Mohammed, Salman Hyder Abstract: Introduction: Vitiligo is an autoimmune disorder which is characterized by progressive destruction of melanocytes and clinically presents as hypopigmented or depigmented lesions. The exact mechanism remains unclear but there is a definitive part that cell mediated immunity plays in the pathogenesis of vitiligo A member of the family of S100 proteins, S100B protein is a damage-associated molecular pattern protein that is expressed in melanocytes and has been proposed as a potential marker of melanocyte cytotoxicity. Aim: To measure serum levels of S100B in cases of vitiligo and to correlate those levels with the activity and extent of the disease and to those of controls. Materials and methods: It is a hospital-based prospective case control study. Patients with characteristic clinical features of vitiligo irrespective of age, gender and on-going or previous treatment were included, whereas patients with any other co-existing chronic inflammatory disorders, any active cutaneous or systemic infections, co-morbidities, history of smoking, history of recent head injury, malignant melanoma, congenital and acquired causes of depigmentation disorders were excluded. After taking a complete history and performing physical examination, the severity of vitiligo was assessed with Vitiligo Disease Activity Score and the extent was calculated using Vitiligo Area Severity Index. Serum S100B levels were measured Results: A moderate, statistically significant correlation was found between VIDA and S100B levels (p=0.001), There was an absolute absence of correlation between VASI and S100B levels (p=0.0708) There was a statistically significant correlation between active disease (disease activity in past 6 months) and S100B levels (p=0.001) when compared to stable disease. Patients who were subjected to immunosuppressive therapy had lower serum S100B levels relative to patients who received no therapy (p=0.0027). S100B values in healthy control subjects were not significantly different compared with stable vitiligo patients (p=0.2752), While patients with active disease showed significantly high mean values of S100B compared to controls (p=0.0052). The patients not on immunosuppressive therapy showed higher mean S100B levels when compared with controls, (p=0.0046), while those on immunosuppressive therapy did not show higher mean S100B levels when compared to controls (p=0.1192). Conclusion: The moderate correlation between VIDA and S100B highlights that S100B levels are elevated during the active depigmenting phase and the findings of increased S100B levels amongst patients not on immunosuppressive therapy highlights that not just disease activity but also treatment status of patients should be considered while evaluating S100B levels in such conditions. 2021-01-01T00:00:00Z