Faculty of Anesthesiology

A study on the role of videostroboscopy in the early detection of laryngeal changes in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux disease

2026-04-01T00:00:00Z

A study on the role of videostroboscopy in the early detection of laryngeal changes in patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux disease Kothapalli Neelima , Pratibha S.D , Sharanabassu M Andeli, Karadi RN Background: Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD) is a common cause of chronic throat and voice symptoms and often produces subtle mucosal and vibratory abnormalities that may not be detected on routine laryngoscopy. Videostroboscopy provides dynamic assessment of vocal fold function and may improve early diagnosis and severity stratification. Objective: To evaluate the diagnostic utility of videostroboscopy in detecting structural and functional laryngeal abnormalities and to determine its association with symptom severity and treatment outcomes in patients with suspected LPRD. Methodology: This was a prospective cross-sectional observational study conducted at the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, BLDEU’s Shri B.M. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapura, over the defined study period, including 136 patients with symptoms suggestive of laryngopharyngeal reflux disease (LPRD). Results: Females constituted 62.5% of participants. The mean RSI score was 21.05. Moderate LPR was most common (42.65%), followed by mild (27.21%), no/borderline (15.44%), and severe disease (14.71%). ENT examination revealed inflammatory changes in 86.76% of patients, with cobblestoning (25%) and erythema (20.59%) being frequent findings. Videostroboscopy demonstrated reduced vibratory amplitude and mucosal wave in 57.35% of patients, while abnormalities in symmetry, periodicity, and glottic closure were observed in all cases (100%). Reduced amplitude was present exclusively in moderate and severe disease, showing a strong association with severity (χ² = 272.00, p < 0.0001). At one-month follow up, 75% of patients improved clinically. Conclusion: Videostroboscopy detects early and widespread functional vocal fold abnormalities and correlates strongly with disease severity, making it a valuable adjunct to routine ENT examination for accurate diagnosis, grading, and follow-up of patients with laryngopharyngeal reflux disease.

Prophylactic intravenous phenylephrine to prevent propofol-induced hypotension during induction of general anaesthesia: a randomised clinical trial

2026-05-01T00:00:00Z

Prophylactic intravenous phenylephrine to prevent propofol-induced hypotension during induction of general anaesthesia: a randomised clinical trial Sagar Harishchandra Pawar, Vijaykumar T Kallyanappagol, Santoshkumar Alalamath Introduction: Propofol is commonly used intravenous induction agent which are frequently complicated by peri-induction hypotension. Reduced Mean Arterial Pressure (MAP) during anaesthesia contributes to significant postoperative morbidity, including renal and myocardial injury. Preventive strategies aimed at maintaining haemodynamic stability during this critical period are of clinical value. Phenylephrine offers a simple, rapid option for counteracting propofol-induced vasodilatation. Aim: To assess effectiveness of i.v. phenylephrine in preventing propofol-induced hypotension during induction of general anaesthesia. Materials and Methods: This randomised clinical trial was conducted from October 2024-December 2025 at Department of Anaesthesiology, Shri BM Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, BLDE DU, Vijayapura, Karnataka, India. The study included 130 American Society of Anaesthesiologists (ASA) I–II patients (18–65 years) undergoing elective general anaesthesia and were randomised (1:1) to receive i.v. phenylephrine 100 µg or saline before propofol induction. Primary outcome was hypotension (≥20% MAP fall). Secondary outcomes included Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP), Diastolic Blood Pressure (DBP), MAP, and Heart Rate (HR) at 5, 10, and 15 minutes. Analysed using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0, normally distributed continuous variables (Shapiro-Wilk test) were expressed as mean±SD and evaluated via independent student’s t-tests. Results: The control group’s average age was 37.76±15.69 years (50.8% female, 49.2% male), the study group averaged 34.38±14.30 years (49.2% female, 50.8% male). Postinduction hypotension was lower in the study group (32.3%, n=21 vs 73.8%, n=48; p-value <0.001). At 5, 10, and 15 minutes, Group A maintained higher MAP, SBP, and DBP than Group B (all p-value <0.001), Group A vs Group B MAP was 87.88±8.694 vs 79.45±9.384 (p-value <0.001), 86.51±9.045 vs 74.86±9.890 (p-value <0.001), and 87.60±9.375 vs 77.55±8.816 mmHg (p-value <0.001); SBP was 117.80±10.145 vs 107.48±11.172 (p-value <0.001), 116.46±10.827 vs 102.37±11.870 (p-value <0.001), and 117.43±11.243 vs 105.25±10.070 mmHg (p-value <0.001); DBP was 71.45±9.038 vs 65.18±9.084 (p-value <0.001), 70.20±9.00 vs 60.98±8.977 (p-value <0.001), and 71.32±9.059 vs 63.45±8.646 mmHg (p-value <0.001). Group A HR was lower at 10 minutes (88.60±11.900 vs 93.29±14.021 bpm, p-value=0.009) and 15 minutes (85.18±11.144 vs 91.75±12.668 bpm, p-value=0.001). Conclusion: A single 100 µg bolus of phenylephrine administered immediately before induction with propofol effectively attenuated peri-induction hypotension and maintained stable haemodynamic. This simple intervention improves perioperative safety in patients at risk of hypotension.

Quadratus lumborum block versus transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy under general anaesthesia .

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

Quadratus lumborum block versus transversus abdominis plane block for postoperative analgesia in patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy under general anaesthesia . Sanjana Prabhu, Vidya Patil, Anusha Suntan.

Perfusion index as an early predictor of postspinal hypotension in elective lower segment cesarean section.

2024-01-01T00:00:00Z

Perfusion index as an early predictor of postspinal hypotension in elective lower segment cesarean section. Akshata M, Anusha Suntan, Santosh Alalmath, Nirmala Devi.