Ultrasonographic Evaluation Of Gynecological Masses And Correlation With Multidetector Computed Tomography

Abstract

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Gynecological masses are the common complaints in menstrual and postmenopausal women. Most common gynaecological pathologies include fibroid and over past few years ovarian tumors are increasing in incidence. Due to vast & complex differential diagnosis, they pose a challenge to Gynaecologists & Radiologists in their diagnosis. Ultrasound is used as the initial screening modality, but has its limitations of being observer dependent, limited evaluation in obese. With recent advances in imaging, currently Multi Detector Computed Tomography (MDCT) is being used as imaging modality of choice for evaluation of gynaecological masses. Contrast enhanced CT helps in improving the diagnostic accuracy for detection and characterization of the gynaecological masses. MDCT with its ability of fast data acquisition, multiplanar evaluation & improved spatial resolution, have increased the accuracy of lesion detection as small as 2 cm. MDCT with contrast study is a noninvasive technique that helps in excellent visualization, better characterization, assessment of lymph nodes, involvement blood vessels/viscera, local or regional invasion and distant metastasis. This study is undertaken to correlate between USG as screening modality & MDCT as a detailed imaging study in better characterization & diagnosis of gynaecological masses. AIMS & OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY: 1. To study the spectrum of diverse nature of gynecological masses. 2. To describe the morphology of a gynecological mass such as size, consistency, structure of origin & position which help in its differential diagnosis.3. To assess the sensitivity & specificity of color Doppler in differentiating benign & malignant lesions. 4. Assessment of relative sensitivity & specificity of CT in diagnosing a gynecological mass and its advantage over USG. SOURCE OF DATA: Data for the study will be collected from the patients with suspected gynecological mass attending/referred to the Radiology department in our college. PERIOD OF COLLECTION OF DATA: The study was done on patients, who visited the Department of Radio Diagnosis during the period from NOVEMBER 2017 to JUNE 2019 with prior consent. RESULT: In this study series of 50 cases, we got 27 uterine masses, 21 ovarian masses, 01 adnecal & 01 vaginal mass. Majority were benign neoplasms accounting for 28 cases, followed by malignant neoplasms accounting for 13 & non-pleastic masses were 09 cases. INTERPRETATION: USG is the 1st & most common imaging modality requested for evaluation & diagnosis of gynaecological masses. MDCT is the next imaging modality used for better characterisation of gynaecological masses & helpful in staging malignant masses.