Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:
Mutation or deletion of one of the globin genes of hemoglobin results in
thalassemias and hemoglobinopathies. Two diagnostic modalities which can be used
to study hemoglobin abnormalities is Hemoglobin electrophoresis and capillary zone
electrophoresis.
METHODS:
A total of 41 adults and children blood samples were examined for routine
thalassemia screening using both the modalities, excluding those patients who had
undergone blood transfusion within a span of 12weeks. All samples were analysed
using automated cell counter (Sysmex XN-1000), HPLC (Biorad D-10) and capillary
zone electrophoresis.
RESULTS:
Out of 41 cases, 24 cases were of thalassemia trait, 9 cases were normal, 3
cases of β-thalassemia major, 2 cases of homozygous/ double heterozygous for β-
thalassemia and δβ-thalassemia, 1 case of sickle cell anemia, 1 case of Compound
heterozygous sickle cell anemia and β-thalassemia and 1 case of compound
heterozygous for HbE/ β-thalassemia.
When HbF value is >16.5% it merges with HbA1c values in HPLC(Bio-Rad D-10)
because of which it is very difficult to comment about exact values of HbF with the
help of HPLC. So for such cases CZE helped us to evaluate exact value of HbF.
CONCLUSIONS:
Forty one cases were collected in which both HPLC and Hb electrophoresis
gave same results for 34 cases and remaining 7 cases we got different impressions
from both the modalities.
Advantage of Hb electrophoresis over HPLC is that it gives exact values of
HbF which is very essential to differentiate thalassemia intermedia from thalassemia
major and also it exactly evaluates percentage of HbE which elutes with HbA in case
of HPLC. CZE is complimentary to HPLC, which is very helpful for evaluating exact
values of HbF,HbS and HbE.
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