Functional Outcome Of Arthroscopic Single-Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Using Semitendinosus Quadrupled Graft Fixed With Adjustable Loop On Femur And Suture Disc On Tibia: A Prospective Clinical Study

Abstract

Background: The anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) is crucial for knee joint stability, and its rupture is common often resulting from sports or road traffic accidents. ACL reconstruction using hamstring autografts is commonly utilized, yielding positive clinical outcomes. A suspensory method is widely used, which an adjustable loop endobutton device providing various advantages over a fixed loop endobutton. This study aims to evaluate the functional outcomes of arthroscopic ACL reconstruction with a quadrupled semitendinosus autograft using an adjustable loop ebdobutton on the femur and a suture disc for the tibia. Material and methods: A prospective clinical study was conducted from Auguest 2022 to January 2024 at Shri B.M Patil Medical College, Hospital and Research Centre, Vijayapura. The study included 33 patients with ACL tear operated with arthroscopic ACL reconstruction with quadrupled semitendinosus autograft using an adjustable loop endo-button on the femoral and a suture disc on the tibial side. Functional outcomes were assessed using the Lysholm and International Knee Documentation Committee (IKDC) scores preoperatively and at 6 and 12 months postoperatively. Results: Significant improvements were observed in both Lysholm and IKDC scores at 6 and 12 months postoperatively (p < 0.05). The majority of patients (95%) returned to their pre-injury level of activity. The study observed minimal complications, with a low incidence of postoperative anterior joint laxity and no cases of tunnel widening. Conclusion: The use of an adjustable loop endo-button and suture disc for ACL reconstruction with a semitendinosus quadrupled graft gives excellent functional outcomes, significant improvement in knee stability and predictably reproduces graft tunnel healing and maintaining its strength till healing is complete.