Thyroid function tests in hiv/aids patients and there correlation with cd4 count and highly active antiretroviral therapy

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is one of the most severe diseases globally And is known to cause progressive decrease in CD4 T cells, which leads to immune system failure. many disease conditions generated by HIV have been reported,in particular there have been controversies on the influence of HIV on thyroid functioning reports on the increased incidence of thyroid disease amongst HIV patients compared to general population have been published. Endocrine dysfunction is well recognized in HIV infected patients, pituitary, adrenal, gonadal, thyroid, bone,and metabolic disorders have all been reported. Abnormal thyroid function tests are common among HIV infected patients .several complications have been reported with the use of HAART, among them are hypertriglyceridemia ,lipdystrophy, type 2 diabetes mellitus, gonadal dysfunction and osteoporosis the mechanism by which HAART causes these changes has not been fully elucidated. Abnormal thyroid function test results are common among HIV infected individuals. This is especially true during HAART. AIM: To evaluate the Thyroid function tests in Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected patients To correlate the results with CD4 count and Highly active antiretroviral therapy. MATERIALS AND METHODS A hospital based prospective study was conducted with 120 patients to evaluate the thyroid function tests in HIV infected patients and to correlate with the CD4 count and HAART therapy the patients were divided in the following groups of 40 patients each.

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GOUPA-40 PATIENTS NOT COMMENCED ON HAART GROUP B-40 PATIENTS ON HAART FOR LESS THAN A YEAR GROUP C-40 PATIENTS ON HAART FOR A YEAR OR MORE . RESULTS: Thyroid disorders were more prevalent in group B and group C as compared to group A There was significant increase in T4 levels with increase in CD4 count,while there was significant decrease in TSH levels with increase in CD4 counts. Majority of patients with hypothyroidism (50%) and subclinical hypothyroidism (66.7%) had CD4 counts less than 100,there was significant correlation of thyroid dysfunction and CD4 count . It was also noted that patients who were naive HAART therapy had less occurrence of thyroid dysfunction compared to those already on HAART therapy.