Ultrasound Study Of Gall Bladder Diseases

Abstract

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Diseases of the gall bladder include wide spectrum of pathologies. Conditions like cholelithiasis, acute cholecystitis, membranous cholecystitis, present with right upper quadrant pain other conditions like gall bladder polyp are asymptomatic. In many cases of carcinoma gall bladder the symptoms manifests very late, when conservative and curative treatment is not possible. In such conditions the inclusion of ultrasound abdomen in routine investigation protocol will help in early diagnosis and initiation of therapy. SOURCE OF DATA: The source of data for this study is patients referred to the DEPARTMENTOFRADIOLOGY AND IMAGING at Shri B.M. Patil Medical College Hospital and Research center, Bijapur for transabdominal ultrasound. AIMS AND OBJECTIVES • To describe sonographic findings in spectrum of gall bladder diseases. • To discuss the advantages and limitations of ultrasound in diagnosis and differentiationof gall bladder diseases. • To correlate clinical diagnosis with ultrasound diagnosis. • Comparison with CT/MRI where ever possible. METHODS AND MATERIAL Patients with gall bladder diseases usually presents with pain in the right hypochondriac region which may be radiating to the epigastrium or around the lower ribs or to the back. Evaluation of the gallbladder by ultrasound was performed in sagittal and transverse planes with low frequencyand high frequency sector probes.To avoid missing gall bladder pathologies special maneuver such as subcostal oblique view with the left edge of the transducer more cephalad than the right edge is used.An attempt to elicit sonological Murphy's signwill be made in order to detect cholecystitis. RESULTS • In a series of 202 cases, majority of the gall bladder diseases includes gall stones. Among non calculus diseases inflammatory conditions, acute cholecystitiswas commonest, others include chronic cholecystitis, membranous cholecystitis, polyp, perforation, adenomyomatosis. • In our study neoplasms were rare compared to inflammatory conditions of which malignant were more common than benign. CONCLUSION The ultrasound diagnosis in gall bladder diseases had favourable&impressive results against clinical diagnosis.