Abstract:
Abstract: Introduction: This study aims to develop a sustainable method for synthesizing Biogenic
Silica Nanoparticles (bSNPs) from onion peel waste and evaluate their physicochemical properties
and in vitro bioactivity.
Methods: Biogenic Silica Nanoparticles (bSNPs) were prepared via an optimized acid–base sol–gel
method and characterized by SEM, EDX, AFM, FTIR, and XRD. Antioxidant activity (DPPH as-
say), anti-inflammatory activity (protein denaturation), and DNA interaction (agarose gel) were as-
sessed in vitro.
Results: Biogenic Silica Nanoparticles (bSNPs) exhibited nanoscale dimensions (~120–125 nm)
with spheroidal morphology and rough surface characteristics. FTIR and XRD confirmed amor-
phous silica. Dose-dependent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, as well as DNA binding,
were observed.
Discussions: Biogenic Silica Nanoparticles (bSNPs) were synthesized from onion peel biomass via
a two-acid sol–gel process. Spectroscopic and crystallographic analyses confirmed the successful
synthesis of homogeneous amorphous silica. bSNPs exhibited effective biomolecular interactions.
Conclusion: Onion peel-derived bSNPs are durable, environmentally friendly nanomaterials with
promising antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and DNA-binding potential for biomedical applications.
