Abstract:
INTRODUCTION
• Patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) frequently experience acute kidney
injury (AKI), which is a clinical problem that predicts a poor result on its
own.
• AKI is one among the leading causes of ICU admissions and common
contributor to in hospital morbidity and mortality rates.
• AKI is linked to prolonged hospital stays, which raises the cost of
treatment.
• AKI may be treatable with early detection and treatment, but a higher rate
of morbidity and mortality may result from a delayed diagnosis.
AIM
• Analysis of the clinical spectrum of AKI patients in ICU.
• Study the cause and risk factors of AKI.
• Analysis of final outcome of patients with AKI.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The study was conducted at B.L.D. E (DEEMED TO BE UNIVERSITY), Shri
B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Centre, Vijayapura. All
patients above 18 years of age, admitted in ICU diagnosed with Acute Kidney
Injury using KDIGO criteria or developed Acute Kidney Injury after admission
to ICU were taken for study. Chronic Kidney Disease patients were not
included in the study. All patients were classified according to KDIGO criteria
and the outcome was analyzed.
RESULTS
• In our study most of the cases were over the 50 years of age.
• In our study sepsis was the most common etiology, second most common
being Acute Gastroenteritis. Other Etiologies include hepatorenal
syndrome, cardiorenal syndrome, CVA, snake bite, post operative cases
and poisoning and others.
• 64.10% patients were managed conservatively, 35.90 % required
hemodialysis.
• Out of 78 patients, 50 patients survived. Mortality was seen in 28 patients.
CONCLUSION
The most frequent cause of AKI in ICU patients is sepsis. It also has a high
death rate. In each case of sepsis, preventing the development of multi-organ
failure is crucial. Dialysis was used to treat our patients cautiously and when
necessary. Common causes of increased mortality include multi-organ
dysfunction, lung and other infections, delayed diagnosis and treatment, and the
frequent occurrence of comorbidities. Although there was a correlation between
AKI and hospital outcomes, the prognosis of AKI severity is more affected by
organ failure.
