Abstract:
Background: Gallstone disease (GSD) is a prevalent hepato-biliary condition with
multifactorial etiology. Iron deficiency and anemia have been hypothesized to
contribute to gallstone formation through alterations in bile composition and
gallbladder motility. This study investigates the correlation between iron deficiency,
anemia, and the risk of developing gallstone disease.
Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at B.L.D.E. (Deemed to be
University), Shri B.M. Patil Medical College, Hospital & Research Center,
Vijayapura. A total of 122 patients diagnosed with gallstone disease via radiological
evidence were included. Patients' hemoglobin, serum iron, and ferritin levels were
assessed and correlated with gallstone prevalence. Data were statistically analyzed
using Pearson’s correlation and Chi-square tests.
Results: The study found a significant correlation between gallstone disease and low
serum iron and hemoglobin levels. Among gallstone patients, 72.1% had anemia,
and 52.5% had low serum iron levels. Statistical analysis confirmed a significant
association between iron deficiency and gallstone formation (p < 0.05).
Conclusion: The findings suggest that iron deficiency and anaemia may contribute to
the pathogenesis of gallstone disease. Screening for iron deficiency in at-risk
populations could aid in early prevention and management strategies, potentially
reducing gallstone-related complications.
