Abstract:
Background & Objectives:
Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) is one of the leading causes of morbidity and
death in the globe. The most dangerous kind of CAD is acute ST-segment elevation
myocardial infarction (STEMI). In reaction to systemic inflammatory and
hemorheology changes, fibrinogen is a crucial component. A key mediator of platelet-
induced coronary artery constriction is albumin. Hypoalbuminemia can change
endothelial function and raise blood viscosity. Additional information may be provided
by the fibrinogen-albumin ratio (FAR), which addresses the pathophysiology of
STEMI.
The aim of this study is to calculate FAR in STEMI patients and compare FAR to the
Gensini score (GS) derived from coronary angiography (CAG).
Materials & Methods:
70 STEMI patients were participated in this cross-sectional study that lasted for one
and a half years, from May 2023 to December 2024. In accordance with the structured
proforma, eligible patients for percutaneous coronary intervention had a clinical
history, physical examination, and investigations. Frequencies and proportions have
been used to represent categorical data. For qualitative data, the chi-square test, also
known as Fischer's exact test, was employed as a significance test. The Pearson
Correlation coefficient was used to perform correlations. Using the Gensini scoring
method, we assessed the degree of coronary artery disease. There was a correlation
between the Gensini score and FAR readings. Statistical significance was defined as a
P-value of less than 0.05.
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There were 23 (32.9%) females and 47 (67.1%) males in this study. 20 (28.6%) had
triple vascular disease (TVD), 24 (34.3%) had double vessel disease (DVD), and about
24 (34.3%) had single vessel disease (SVD) and 2 (2.9%) were recanalized . FAR and
Gensini score had a negative correlation (Pearson correlation; r = -0.02). This
correlation was not statistically significant. Gensini score had a positive correlation
with severity of coronary artery disease.
Interpretation & Conclusion:
Fibrinogen and albumin have negative relationships with GS, although FAR
may not be a replacement for coronary angiography in assessing the severity of CAD.
It is a practical, non-invasive test that can be performed in a primary or secondary
healthcare facility. This is done in order to determine which patients are more likely to
experience cardiovascular events and to start taking the necessary precautions.
